# Linux
# History
Linus Torvalds launched Linux, a free and open-source operating system kernel, on September 17, 1991. It is the foundation of the Linux operating system, managing hardware resources and facilitating communication between your computer's hardware and applications. Unlike Windows or macOS, Linux is built on the Unix idea of tiny, precise tools that work together to execute complicated tasks.
# Open-Source
Linux is unusual in that it is open-source, which means that anybody may see, alter, and share the source code. This has resulted in the creation of a broad range of distributions (distros), including Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, and CentOS, each geared to different types of users, from beginners to expert users, as well as diverse use cases, such as desktops, servers, and embedded devices.
# What is a Linux Server?
A Linux server is a computer server that runs the Linux operating system. Linux's servers are recognized for their dependability, security, and flexibility, making them a popular choice among enterprises, developers, and hosting providers. They are used for a variety of purposes, including web hosting, email hosting, database administration, and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, among others.
The advantages of using Linux servers include:
Open Source: One of the most significant benefits of Linux servers is that they are open source. This means the source code is freely available to the public, allowing users to modify, distribute, and enhance the software to meet their specific needs.
Security: Linux servers are considered more secure than many other operating systems. The Linux community is very active, and security flaws are usually patched quickly. Additionally, Linux's permission and user role features provide an added layer of system security.
Cost-Effectiveness: Since Linux is free to use, organizations can save on operating system licensing fees. The only costs associated with Linux servers might be for additional support services or premium versions of specific Linux distributions that come with specialized support.
Stability and Reliability: Linux servers are known for their high uptime and reliability. They can handle a large number of simultaneous connections and run for years without needing a reboot, making them ideal for critical applications.
Flexibility: Linux is highly customizable. Users can include or exclude features based on their specific server needs, allowing for a lean and efficient operating environment tailored to the task at hand.
Compatibility: Linux servers can run almost any type of software, from open-source projects to commercial applications. They support a wide range of file formats, software languages, and protocols.
Community Support: A vast community of developers and users contributes to the Linux ecosystem, offering free advice, software updates, and support through various forums and websites.
# Distributions
Linux's servers are available in a variety of distributions, each with its own set of tools and administration techniques. Popular alternatives include Ubuntu Server, CentOS (and its successor, Rocky Linux), Debian, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux, among others. The user's familiarity, support requirements, stability demands, or specialized functionality can all influence the distribution option.